GRM-U3-G1

UNIT 03- Learner Grammar Project

Grammar Alyssa and Jacob

Adverbs

By Alyssa and Jacob

Objectives

You will be able to identify adverbs within a sentence.
You will be able to place adverbs within a sentence correctly.
You will be able to describe the function of an adverb.
You will be able to recognize each category of adverbs within a sentence.

Definition

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

Use the exercise on the next slide to distinguish between Adverbs and Adjectives while considering the following questions:

Adverbs often end with the morpheme ‘-ly.’ In this exercise, are all of the terms ending in ‘-ly’ adverbs?

What is the difference between Adjectives and Adverbs?

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Adverbs and Adjectives

Manner

Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of Manner add descriptive detail to the verbs, adjectives, and adverbs that they modify. They elaborate on how things are or are done.

Description

Examples

The statue stands proudly.
I was carefully applying the paint.
They ran to the store quickly.
I moved the box to the wall slowly.

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Frequency

Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of Frequency describe how often something is or is done.

Description

Examples

I eat meat sometimes.
I’m seldom happy.
I always try my best.

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Time and Place

Adverbs of Time and Place

Adverbs of Time and Adverbs of Place specify when and where things happen.

Description

Examples

He will be here soon.
Don't stay there late.
I need to go now.
I'm at work today.

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Time and Place 2

Adverbs of Time and Place

Use the next exercise to distinguish between Adverbs and Prepositional Phrases while considering the following questions:

How do Adverbs of Time and Place compare to Prepositional Phrases in terms of length?

Some Prepositional Phrases are also called "Adverbial Phrases." Do the Prepositional Phrases in the exercise function similarly to Adverbs? If so, how?

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Prepositional Phrases and Adverbs of Time and Place

Degree

Adverbs of Degree

I want this project completely finished by tomorrow.
I am very sorry.
I thought the answer was fairly obvious.

Description

Examples

Adverbs of degree intensify or down play the verb, adjective, or adverb they are modifying.

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Quantity

Adverbs of Quantity

He practices a lot.
I don't like him much.
I drank a little.

Description

Examples

Adverbs of quantity describe the amount of the action.

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Focus

Adverbs of Focus

You are only 18 once.
Everyone is laughing, even you.
We also invited Jenny.
I specifically told you not to leave the house.
He just left.
I was invited to the party, too.

Description

Examples

Adverbs of focus single out information, express some type of restriction, and refer back to something.

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Attitude Markers

Apparently, I am no longer needed.
Naturally, you are talented.
We are going shopping, unfortunately.

Description

Examples

Attitude markers are used to interpret the events that we describe or to convey our attitude towards them. They can also function as an adverb of manner.

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Vocabulary

Adverb of Manner Placement

After intransitive verb
Before transitive verb
After transitive and object
Between verb and prepositional phrase
After “to” and infinitive
Before the subject
Between auxiliary and main verbs

He stood proudly.
I quietly ate my sandwich.
I ate my sandwich quietly.
I ran swiftly to the store.
I tried to write quickly.
Slowly, we were making progress.
We were slowly making progress.

Adverb of Manner Placement - copy

Adverb of Manner: Improper Placement

Before intransitive: awkward emphasis, works best before prepositional phrases
Between “to” and infinitive
Between transitive and object
Between subject and auxiliary

I tried to quickly write.
I ate quietly my sandwich.

He proudly stood.

We slowly were making progress.

Adverb o fFrequency Placement

Adverb of Frequency Placement

They come between the auxillary verb “to be” and adjectives.

I am always alert.
I am never late.

Adverb o fFrequency Placement - copy

Adverb of Frequency Placement

Adverbs of extreme frequency/ infrequency (always, never) come after the subject and precede the verb they modify.

I always work hard.
I never lose.

Adverb o fFrequency Placement - copy - copy

Adverb of Frequency Placement

They can be placed between “to” and the infinitive they modify in a sentence with more than one verb

I try to always be polite.
They seem to rarely get upset.

Adverb o fFrequency Placement - copy - copy - copy

Adverb of Frequency Placement

Adverbs ending in “ly” that denote a specific time frame (annually, hourly, daily) go after the verb and the object of the verb they modify

We change our passwords annually.
My job pays monthly.

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Adverb of Frequency Placement

Adverbs ending in “ly” that offer an indefinite time frame (Usually, Generally, Occasionally) can come before the subject, between the subject and verb, and in some cases after the verb and its object

Usually, we have to wait a while.
We like to eat fruit occasionally.
I generally want to save money.

Adverb of Time and Place Placement

Adverbs of Time are often single words that consist morphemically of a preposition and object:
Tomorrow= To+morrow, Yesterday= Yester(before)+Day.
These words can only go before or after the subject, verb, and object, and thus, usually, at the start or end of a sentence:

Yesterday, we lost all our money.
We want to try again tomorrow.

Adverb of Time and Place Placement - copy

Adverb of Time and Place Placement

Adverbs of Place
Adverbs of Place are similar to Adverbs of Time, conjoining preposition and object:
Nearby= Near+By, Outside= Out+Side
They only appear after the verb. If they appear between the verb and its object, they are probably prepositions and not adverbs. As adverbs, they come after the verb ad its object:

We walked around.
The car is parked nearby.

Adverb of Degree Placement

Before the modal verb
Before the main verb
End of a clause

I really should be going.
I would very much like you to stay.
Thank you very much.

Adverb of Quantity Placement

End of a clause

He doesn't talk much.

Adverb of Focusing Placement

Before the sentence subject
Before the main verb
Before conjunction + clause

Only I have the key to the door.
We also went home.
He smiled even as they left.

Attitiude Markers Placement

Attitude Markers Placement

At the beginning of a clause
At the end of a clause
Before a complement
Between a subject and a verb
Between a subject and auxiliary verb when there is a negative statement

Apparently nothing ever gets done around here.
His name is Steve, apparently.
She is obviously a liar.
People naturally want to be the best at something.
I clearly wasn't cleaning.

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Adverbs Exercise 2

Click below to go to the exercise